Question regarding when substitutions can be made in FOL (sci.logic) Prove: EyAx[P(y) -> P(x)] -> EyAx[P(y) -> (P(x) v Q(x)) ] (-from schema F -> F v G) 1 EXIST(y):ALL(x):[P(y) => P(x)] Premise 2 ALL(x):[P(b) => P(x)] E Spec, 1 3 P(b) => P(a) U Spec, 2 4 P(b) Premise 5 P(a) Detach, 3, 4 6 P(a) | Q(a) Arb Or, 5 7 P(b) => P(a) | Q(a) Conclusion, 4 8 ALL(x):[P(b) => P(x) | Q(x)] U Gen, 7 9 EXIST(y):ALL(x):[P(y) => P(x) | Q(x)] E Gen, 8 10 EXIST(y):ALL(x):[P(y) => P(x)] => EXIST(y):ALL(x):[P(y) => P(x) | Q(x)] Conclusion, 1